1. The agreement establishes abundance-based fishing regimes for the major salmon intercepting fisheries in the US and Canada. 2. Two bilaterally-managed regional funds will be established. 3. The agreement includes provisions to enhance bilateral cooperation, improve the scientific basis for salmon management, and apply institutional changes to the Pacific Salmon Commission.
H.U.C. is an acronym for Hydrologic Unit Codes. Hydrologic unit codes are a way of identifying all of the drainage basins in the United States in a nested four-level arrangement from largest (Regions) to smallest (Cataloging Units). Each areas has been assigned a unique hydrologic unit code (HUC) consisting of eight digits based on these four fields. The first field of classification divides the nation into 21 major geographic areas. The second field of classification divides the 21 regions into 222 subregions. A subregion includes the area drained by a river system, a reach of a river and its tributaries in that reach, a closed basin(s), or a group of streams forming a coastal drainage area. The third field of classification subdivides many of the subregions into accounting units. These accounting units nest within, or are equivalent to, the subregions.
Of a fish species: migrating as a juvenile from fresh water to the ocean and then returning as an adult to spawn in fresh water; most Pacific salmon are anadromous; compare catadromous.
A panel of scientists set up to conduct an ESA status review of a species
Biotic factor
A living component of the environment which arises from and affects living organisms (distinct from physical factors). For example, the interaction between predators and prey is a biotic interaction. Compare abiotic factor.
The straightening and/or deepening of a watercourse for purposes of storm-run-off control or ease of navigation. Channelization often includes lining of stream banks with a retaining material such as concrete or rock.
Columbia River tribes include the tribes of the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, and the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes.
Report to Congress
CRITFC
The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission (CRITFC) on behalf of four Columbia River Basin treaty Tribes: Nez Perce Tribe, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, and the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation.
Report to Congress
Culvert
A transverse drain or waterway of masonry under a road, railroad, canal, etc.
Endangered Species Act
The ESA is a statute which was enacted in 1973 to conserve species and ecosystems. Under its auspices, species facing possible extinction are listed as "threatened" or "endangered," or as "candidate" species for such listings. When such a listing is made, recovery and conservation plans are drawn up to ensure the protection of the species and its habitat.
An ESU represents a distinct population segment under the that 1) is substantially reproductively isolated from nonspecific populations and 2) represents an important component of the evolutionary legacy of the species.
A species, including its seeds, eggs, spores, or other biological material capable of propagating that species, that is not native to that ecosystem; and whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
Factors that have contributed to salmon declines or that limit recovery of salmon.
Report to Congress
Fishery
a) One or more stocks of fish which can be treated as a unit for purposes of conservation and management and which are identified on the basis of geographical, scientific, technical, recreational, and economic characteristics; and b) any fishing for such stocks.
The immediate space where an animal or plant lives and has food, water and protection. Habitat loss, which includes the destruction, degradation, or fragmentation of habitats, is the primary cause of decreasing biodiversity.
The Klamath River Inter-Tribal Fish and Water Commission (KRITFWC) on the behalf of four Klamath River Basin Tribes: Karuk, Yurok, Hoopa Valley, and Klamath.
Report to Congress
Limiting Factors
Factors that affect the recovery of salmon.
Report to Congress
Metrics
The application of statistics and mathematical analysis.
The Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC) on behalf of 20 western Washington treaty Tribes: Nisqually, Squaxin Island, Puyallup, Jamestown S¿Klallam, Port Gamble S¿Klallam, Lower Elwha Klallam, Skokomish, Swinomish, Sauk-Suiattle, Upper Skagit, Tulalip, Makah, Stillaguamish, Muckleshoot, Suquamish, Nooksack, Lummi, Hoh, Quinault, and Quileute.
Report to Congress
Objective
The five PCSRF performance objectives: 1) salmon habitat protection and restoration; 2) watershed and subbasin planning and assessment; 3) salmon enhancement; 4) salmon research, monitoring, and evaluation; and, 5) public education and outreach.
Report to Congress
Pacific coastal tribes
The NWIFC of Western Washington treaty Tribes (Nisqually, Squaxin Island, Puyallup, Jamestown S¿Klallam, Port Gamble S¿Klallam, Lower Elwha Klallam, Skokomish, Swinomish, Sauk-Suiattle, Upper Skagit, Tulalip, Makah, Stillaguamish, Muckleshoot, Suquamish, Nooksack, Lummi, Hoh, Quinault, and Quileute Tribes); the KRITFWC tribes of the Klamath Basin (Karuk, Yurok, Hoopa Valley, and Klamath Tribes); the Round Valley Indian Tribes in the Eel River Basin in California; the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation in Washington; the Coquille Indian Tribe in Oregon; the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde in Oregon; and the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians of Oregon.
Report to Congress
Pacific salmon
Genus Oncorhynchus
Recovery
Improvement in the status of a listed species to the point at which listing is no longer appropriate.
The 26 pacific salmon ESUs listed as threatened or endangered under the ESA are organized by NMFS into 8 recovery domains for the purpose of developing recovery plans. See exhibit 2-1 in the PCSRF 2004 Report to Congress for a map.
Report to Congress
Recovery goals
Goals for delisting set by TRTs in each recovery domain.
Report to Congress
Redds
A salmon nest, dug out of the gravel in the stream bed by the adult female.
Salmon go through several stages (embryos, alevins, fry, smots, adult salmon, spawners) and migrate as juveniles from fresh water to the ocean and then return as adults to spawn in fresh water.
Salmonid
Any member of the taxonomic family Salmonidae, which includes all species of salmon, trout, char, whitefish, and grayling.
The biological assessment of the status of the resources. This analysis provides the official estimates of stock size, spawning stock size, fishing mortalities, recruitment, and other parameters.
A panel of scientists set up to define ¿delisting criteria¿ in specific geographic domains for endangered salmon and steelhead species on the west coast.
